专业社会工作嵌入农村困境儿童服务研究——以四川省X县“童伴计划”项目为例
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赵梦婷
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西南石油大学法学院，四川成都，610500
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摘要：随着我国城镇化进程的加快以及农村劳动力大规模转移，农村困境儿童问题日益凸显，困境儿童群体发展问题得到社会的持续关注。党和国家始终高度重视儿童事业的发展，我国困境儿童保障体制得到不断发展与完善。社会工作具有其独特的价值理念与专业方法，在农村困境儿童服务方面具有显著优势，专业社会工作如何嵌入到农村困境儿童服务体系中是一个值得探讨的问题。研究以四川省X县“童伴计划”项目为例，运用参与式观察、半结构式访谈等方法收集资料，对四川省X县“童伴计划”项目中专业社会工作的嵌入现状进行观察与分析，探讨专业社会工作在农村困境儿童服务中的嵌入路径，进一步讨论其面临的挑战以及对策建议。专业社会工作嵌入农村困境儿童服务的路径主要包括社会工作价值观的嵌入、社会工作专业方法的嵌入以及社会工作专业角色的嵌入三条路径。但在专业社会工作嵌入农村困境儿童服务的过程中也面临诸多挑战，如社会工作专业性弱化、直接服务提供者专业能力不足以及社会工作与本土文化的适应难题等。最终针对社会工作嵌入农村困境儿童服务体系提出对策建议，在优化服务内容及明确角色定位、提升直接服务提供者的专业能力和调和专业性与乡土逻辑的张力等方面提出具体建议。
关健词：社会工作；专业社会工作嵌入；农村困境儿童 |
Study on the Embedding of Professional Social Work in Services for Children in Difficult Circumstances in Rural Areas：A Case Study of the "Companion Plan" Project in X County, Sichuan Province
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Mengting Zhao
Southwest Petroleum University School of Law，Chengdu Sichuan 610500，China
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Abstract：With the acceleration of urbanization and the large-scale migration of rural labor in China, the issue of rural children who live in difficulty has become increasingly prominent, drawing sustained societal attention to the development challenges faced by this group.The Communist Party of China and the state have always attached great importance to the development of children's welfare, leading to continuous improvements in China's support system for children in difficulty. Social work, with its unique values and professional methodologies, holds significant advantages in serving rural children in difficulty. Therefore, how to embed professional social work into the service system for rural children in difficulty is a question worth exploring.This study takes the "Companion Plan" Project in X County, Sichuan Province, as a case study. It uses methods like participant observation and semi-structured interviews to collect data. The study observes and analyzes the current state of professional social work embedded in the project. It explores the embedding paths of professional social work in services for children in difficulty in rural areas. It further discusses the challenges faced and proposes solutions. The study suggests that professional social work embeds into services for rural children in difficulty through three main paths: the embedding of social work values, the embedding of professional social work methods, and the embedding of professional social work roles. However, the process also faces many challenges. These include the weakening of social work professionalism, insufficient professional skills of direct service providers, and the difficulty of adapting social work to local culture. Finally, the study proposes solutions to improve the embedding of social work in services for children in difficulty. Specific suggestions include optimizing service content, clarifying role definitions, enhancing the professional skills of direct service providers, and balancing professionalism with rural logic.
Keywords : Social Work；Professional Social Work Embedding；Rural Children in Difficulty
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